EBITDA vs SDE Explained

EBITDA and SDE are the two primary profit metrics used to value small-to-medium enterprises. Understand how they are calculated, how they differ, and when to apply them.

Quick Comparison

MetricDefinitionTarget Business Size
SDE (Seller Discretionary Earnings)Net profit + owner salary + personal benefits + non-recurring expensesUnder $1 Million in enterprise value (owner-operated)
EBITDAEarnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationOver $1 Million in value (management-run)

1. SDE: Owner-Operator Valuation

SDE calculates the total financial benefit available to a single full-time owner-operator. It adds back the owner's compensation, personal vehicle expenses, health insurance, and one-time capital expenditures to the bottom-line net income.

2. EBITDA: Corporate Valuation

EBITDA measures a business's operational profitability independent of its capital structure, tax environment, or non-cash accounting policies. It is used when a business is run by a management team without daily owner involvement.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do buyers use SDE instead of net profit?

Net profits on tax returns are minimized for tax purposes. SDE reveals the true cash flow generated by the business for an active owner.

Looking to Acquire a Business?

Create a free buyer profile to view confidential listings, financials, and contact sellers directly.

Create Buyer Profile